Desperate for a drink: Indonesian villagers dig up dry river bed in drought

In an hour or two, water - salty and muddy - will fill the freshly dug hole. Sunardi, and scores of other residents in Karanganyar village in Central Java province, then take the water home to drink, wash and irrigate their slowly dying crops.

"The drought in this village has been felt since April, and there has been no rain until now. The wells in this area have dried out, so residents can only get water from the river bed," Sunardi, who only goes by one name, told Reuters.

"The plants here, such as corn, have all withered. Tobacco can live, but it doesn't grow optimally, so we have to keep watering it with the river bed water too."

Sunardi's village has been digging up the river bed since June, when the water in their wells ran out.

Indonesia's weather agency (BMKG) said the El Niño weather phenomenon, which brings prolonged hot and dry weather, is affecting more than two-thirds of the vast nation, including all of Java, the northern areas of Kalimantan and all but the coastal areas of Sumatra.

The population of those areas exceeds 70% of Indonesia's total population of more than 200 million people, Ardhasena Sopaheluwakan, deputy head of climatology at the BMKG, said.

Scientists say El Niño has caused record heatwaves in cities from Beijing to Rome, increasing the risk of forest fires and affecting crops such as wheat, palm oil and rice.

Agriculture accounts of nearly 14% of Indonesia's GDP, and a third of the labour force works in farming, government government data shows.

Tris Adi Sukoco, an official at the BMKG in Central Java, said that with rainfall rates in the region drastically lower, villagers like Sunardi should alter their crop patterns.

The farmer, however, said it was too late.