Shigeru Ishiba: the 'smile again' Japanese PM who voters frowned on

An unlikely premier who vowed to make Japan "smile again", Ishiba won the Liberal Democratic Party leadership election on his fifth attempt in late September 2024. That put him at the helm of a party that has dominated Japan's postwar politics but was at one of its lowest ebbs since its founding in 1955.

His brief tenure as prime minister and party president was marked by months of fraught tariff negotiations with U.S. President Donald Trump's administration, details of which were finalised just days before he was set to stand down.

At home, the self-described lone wolf saw support for his administration steadily erode as his government struggled to contain consumer price rises that fuelled growing discontent over squeezed earnings and sluggish economic growth.

THIRD STRAIGHT LOSS

In the upper house election in July, voters handed Ishiba, 68, a resounding rebuke. Many backed opposition groups promising tax cuts and tighter controls on immigration blamed for depressing wages, including the far right Sanseito party. The LDP and its coalition partner Komeito lost their majority in the chamber.

It was Ishiba's third straight electoral defeat, following setbacks in Tokyo's local elections in June and a lower house loss in October when his party was mired in a political donations scandal that forced his predecessor to resign.

A former defence minister who entered parliament in 1986 after a stint as a banker at the height of Japan's bubble economy, Ishiba was seen as a figure popular with the public who could revive the LDP's standing when he was elevated to party leader.

But within the party, he was seen by some as a contrarian and had clashed with previous leaders.

His first act as party leader was to apologise for any unpleasantness he had caused, but LDP lawmakers were not prepared to forgive him for the electoral defeats he oversaw.

With the LDP and Komeito now reliant on opposition support to stay in power, Ishiba's departure opens the door for leadership rivals like hawkish right winger Sanae Takaichi and the telegenic political scion Shinjiro Koizumi to revive their bids for the LDP's top job.

For now, Ishiba, who has also served as agriculture minister, will likely return to the back benches, where the awkward manner that earned him scorn as premier once helped him stand out in Japan's staid politics.

There he was known as a dissenting voice weighing in on contentious issues ranging from nuclear energy and the U.S.-Japan security pact to falling birthrates and separate surnames for married couples. As party leader he largely kept those views to himself.

Seen as an LDP intellectual heavyweight and expert on national security policy, Ishiba advocated for a more assertive Japan, less dependent on the U.S. for its defence. He also promoted the idea of Japan joining a NATO-like alliance in Asia.

His retreat from front-line politics may give the ex-premier more time for his other passions, such as building the plastic models of ships and planes he displays in his office and steering parliament's ramen appreciation society.