Members of more than 25 prominent Sunni tribes took up arms against jihadists and their allies west of the Iraqi capital on Friday, a tribal leader and officers said.

The uprising in Anbar province, where jihadists from the Islamic State (IS) group and insurgent allies hold major areas, came a day after Nuri al-Maliki, the incumbent premier who is widely reviled by Iraqi Sunni Arabs, abandoned his bid for a third term.

Anbar was the birthplace of a 2006 US-backed uprising against extremist militants that helped bring about a sharp reduction in violence.

The current effort could potentially be a major turning point in Iraq's two-month conflict against an IS-led offensive.

"This popular revolution was agreed on with all the tribes that want to fight IS, which spilled our blood," Sheikh Abduljabbar Abu Risha, one of the leaders of the uprising, told AFP.

IS-led insurgents launched a major offensive in June that swept security forces aside and overran large areas of five provinces, including Anbar, where parts of provincial capital Ramadi and all of the city of Fallujah had already been outside government control since January.

Anbar police chief Major General Ahmed Saddak said security forces were backing the uprising, which began at 6:00 am (0300 GMT) on Friday.

"The battles are continuing until this moment," he said, putting the toll at 12 militants killed and adding: "We will not stop until the liberation of Anbar."

The push by tribesmen and security forces began with attacks on multiple areas northwest of Anbar provincial capital Ramadi, Abu Risha and Saddak said.

Police Colonel Ahmed Shufir, meanwhile, said that Kataeb Hamza, a group that fought against Al-Qaeda-linked militants in past years, has been reformed and is based out of the town of Haditha in Anbar province.

Its forces aim to fight against militants who hold areas west of the town, he said.

Abu Risha said that the effort had been in the works for weeks and was not linked to Maliki's announcement on Thursday night that he would step aside.

But the departure of the divisive Shiite premier likely makes Sunni Arab cooperation with Baghdad more palatable.

It also clears the way for the formation of a broad-based government that the United States and other power brokers hope would boost the fight against jihadists.