Israeli warplanes pounded Gaza Wednesday, killing 22 people in a major new confrontation with Palestinian militants, as Hamas flexed its firepower and sent thousands running for shelters across the country.

As the death toll from Israel's two-day Operation Protective Edge reached 43, Palestinian president Mahmud Abbas accused Israel of committing "genocide" in Gaza.

But Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu appeared bent on ploughing ahead, warning of even tougher action against Hamas.

There have been no Israeli deaths so far. However, Hamas began flaunting its firepower overnight, launching waves of long-range rockets across central Israel that triggered sirens in cities as far away as Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.

Sirens even sounded in the northern port city of Haifa, witnesses said, as unconfirmed reports spoke of a rocket hitting near Caesarea and another striking even further north.

Tanks massed on the Gaza border, AFP correspondents reported, as Netanyahu came under mounting pressure from hardliners within his governing coalition to send ground troops into the territory from which it pulled all troops and settlers in 2005.

Bellicose rhetoric mounted from the Israeli premier.

"We have decided to further intensify the attacks on Hamas and the terror organisations in Gaza," his office quoted him as saying.

The flare-up comes with Arab riots inside Israel over the burning to death of a Palestinian teenager by Jewish extremists and the region in flames, with civil war raging in neighbouring Syria and conflict intensifying in Iraq.

The European Union and the United States both called for restraint in the confrontation which threatens to lead to a renewed ground conflict in Gaza and even more Palestinian civilian deaths.

It came as the Palestinians moved towards greater unity following a reconciliation agreement between Hamas and president Mahmud Abbas that ended seven years of rival administrations.

That deal came after nearly a year of US-brokered peace negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians collapsed, to the satisfaction of Netanyahu's hardline coalition partners.

The Palestinian teenager was murdered in apparent revenge for the kidnap on June 12 of three Israeli youths in the occupied West Bank, who were subsequently killed.

Their abductions sparked a huge Israeli assault on Hamas's infrastructure in the territory and retaliatory rocket fire from the Islamists' Gaza power base.

Nine children dead

Six women and nine children were among 22 Palestinians killed in Israeli strikes on Gaza on Wednesday, medics said.

The deadliest single strike took place shortly after midnight when a missile slammed into a house in northern Gaza, killing an Islamic Jihad militant and five of his family members.

Further raids to the north and east of Gaza City killed another two women and four children, while a fourth strike on Maghazi refugee camp in central Gaza killed a woman and four of her children, emergency services spokesman Ashraf al-Qudra said.

Another five Palestinians died in other raids across Gaza throughout the morning.

But the air strikes failed to staunch the rocket fire by Gaza militants, which sent Israelis scurrying into shelters across an ever broadening swathe of the country,

Two long-range rockets fired crashed into the sea off the northern port city of Haifa Wednesday, Israeli media reported, in an attack claimed by Hamas militants.

Haifa lies 165 kilometres (100 miles) north of Gaza and, if confirmed, it would be the furthest a rocket fired from there has ever travelled.

Public radio said one struck near the seaside resort of Caesarea and another in the Carmel Beach region, both south of Haifa.

Army radio quoted a military source as saying that Hamas had "dozens" of such long-range rockets in its arsenal.

Unseen fire

As dawn broke, residents of Beit Hanun in northern Gaza picked through the bloodstained rubble of the home of the slain Islamic Jihad commander and his family.

"We didn't see the rocket that came down on us," said Yunis Hammad who lost six relatives in the strike, which left a vast crater.

"It killed all of them," he told AFP.

So far, neither side has shown any sign of backing down, as Israel stepped up its preparations for a possible ground assault, approving the call up of 40,000 reservists.